人教版2020年初中英语”句型”专题精炼解说.docx

2020年初中英语”句型”专题精炼解说
1.主语+谓语　　
这种句型简称为主谓构造，其谓语一般都是不及物动词，后面可以有其他成分润饰。
如：Things change.   
He smiles happily.
2.主语+连系动词+表语 　这种句型称为主系表构造。
如：Mr. Smith is an artist.    　　
The hamburger tastes good.
注：表语位于系动词以后。常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、动词得-ing、从句来充任。
常见系动词有：
（1）表状况系动词---be 如：　　
He is a teacher.   　　He is ill.
（2）持续系动词--用来示意主语持续或坚持一种状况或态度，常见有keep, remain, stay,如：
He always kept silent。　
（3）表像系动词--用来示意"看起来像"这一概念，重要有seem, appear, look,如：
He looks tired.
He seems (to be) very sad.
（4）感官系动词---感官系动词重要有feel, smell, sound, taste,如：
This kind of cloth feels very soft.    
That sounds interesting.
This flower smells very sweet.      
It tastes delicious.
 （5）改变系动词--这些系动词示意主语变成什么样，重要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come,等。如：
He became mad after that.   I get tired.  　　
She grew tall。
3. 主语+谓语+宾语 谓语一般多是及物动词。宾语有两种 ：委婉宾语和干脆宾语。 
如：We like music.
I had eggs for breakfast.
4．主语+谓语+委婉宾语+干脆宾语
一般委婉宾语位于干脆宾语得前方，有时它们也可交流位置，这是需要在委婉宾语得前方加上介词to 或for 。
如：He gave his sister the book.
=He gave the book to his sister.
常见双宾构造：
可转换成带to构造得有：
bring sb. sth (bring sth to sb).   
give sb. sth (give sth to sb.)   
lend sb. sth (lend sth to sb)     
pass sb sth (pass sth to sb)      
return sb. sth (return sth to sb)   
send sb sth (send sth to sb) 
show sb sth (show sth. to sb.)   
tell sb sth (tell sth to sb )      
write sb sth (write s