专题03 形容词和副词 定义:用来修饰名词,表示人或事物的性质、状态和特征的词,叫形容词。 考点一、形容词的作用,见下表: 作 用 例 句 定 语 You can see a lot of beautiful flowers in the garden. 表 语 Your coat is too small. 宾语补足语 The old woman keeps everything clean and tidy. 注意: 1.形容词用来修饰something, anything, nothing等不定代词,要放在这些词的后面。例如: You'd better tell us something interesting. 2.形容词名词化:有些形容词前加定冠词后变成名词,表示一类人,谓语常用复数。这类词有:rich; good; young (表示人种等)。例如:The young should take good care of the old. 3.else要放在疑问代词或复合不定词之后。如:Did you see anybody else? 4.大部分形容词加-ly可构成副词。如:He is careful. He drives carefully. 考点二、副词及其用法 副词主要用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或其他结构。 副词的位置 多数副词都可以放在它所修饰的动词后面。如:He runs slowly. 时间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般放在句末。如:They went to the park yesterday morning. I heard him sing English songs over there. 频度副词一般放在be动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后,实义动词之前。如: He is seldom ill. You must always remember this. I often write to my parents. 程度副词修饰动词时,与频度副词相同,修饰形容词和副词时,放在它所修饰的词前面。如:I nearly missed the bus. 否定副词一般放在动词之前、系动词be或助动词之后。如:She seldom goes out at night. I am never late for school. 疑问副词放在特殊疑问句的句首。如:When can you come? 还有what,how,why,how many等词。 同时存在时间状语和地点状语时,时间状语一般放在后面。如: The meeting will be held in the classroom tomorrow. 考点三、形容词,副词比较级和最高级的构成及其应用: 1. 形容词和副词比较级/最高级的构成: ①单音节单词后+er/est。例如:tall-taller-tallest, short-shorter- shortest ② 重读闭音节双写最后一个字母再加er/est:hot-hotter-hottest, big-bigger-biggest。 ③双音