高中英语人教2.10 语法填空突破攻略.docx

2023年高考英语一轮复****基础知识+基本能力双清(人教版2019)
语法填空突破攻略
考点复****1
攻略1：提示词为动词时, “四个根据”确定时态
试题示例
应对攻略
1. (2020·新高考Ⅰ卷) The 80, 000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, __________(form)the core collection of the British Museum which opened in 1759.  
看到所给提示词是动词时
分析句子结构, 发现提示词作谓语, 且句中有标志性的时间状语时, 应根据时间状语考虑相应的时态。
2. (2020•全国Ⅲ卷)When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and __________(point) down the river.  
分析句子结构, 发现提示词作谓语, 且与句中的另一个谓语动词是并列关系时, 可考虑时态一致。
3. (2020•浙江高考)New methods __________(mean) that fewer people worked in farming.  
分析句子结构, 发现提示词作谓语, 且没有标志性的时间状语时, 则考虑根据语境确定相应的时态。
4. (2017·天津高考)I ________(drive)down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.  
分析句子结构, 发现提示词作谓语, 且该句是固定句式时, 考虑用相应的时态。
1. 【解析】formed。考查时态。根据句意“Sir Hans Sloane 收藏的8万件物品形成了大英博物馆的核心馆藏”和定语从句中的时间状语in 1759可知要用一般过去时。
2. 【解析】pointed。考查时态。and连接两个谓语动词, 空格处的动词形式应和前文中的smiled一致, 应用一般过去时。
3. 【解析】meant。考查时态。根据that引导的宾语从句中的时态可知此处用一般过去时。
4. 【解析】was driving。根据固定句型: was/were doing sth. + when. . . , 可知, 应用过去进行时。
【要点提示】
1. 认清常考时态的标志性时间状语
(1)一般现在时:
看到every time, now and then, often, sometimes, usually, occasionally, always, seldom等时间状语, 要想到用一般现在时。
(2)一般过去时:
看到yesterday, last year, in 2015, the other day, two days ago, 一段时间+later 等时间状语, 要想到用一般过去时。
(3)一般将来时:
看到tomorrow, next year, in a week, in the future, right away, soon, tonight等时间状语, 要想到用一般将来时。
(4)现在进行时:
看到all the time, at this moment, at present, always, continually, constantly等时间状语, 要想到用现在进行时。
(5)现在完成时:
看到since, recently, lately, already, in the last/past few days, so far, up to now, till now, for+时间段, it is the first time. . . 等标志词, 要想到用现在完成时。
(6)过去完成时:
看到by then, by the end of. . . , by that time, it was the first time. . . 等标志词, 要想到用过去完成时。
2. 牢记常见固定句式中的时态
(1)was/were doing. . . when+一般过去时
(2)was / were about to do. . . when+一般过去时
(3)had (just) done. . . when+一般过去时
(4)Hardly +had +主语+done. . . when+一般过去