高中英语人教第2部分 语法专项突破 专题4 第1讲　定语从句.docx

第1讲　定语从句
定语从句的概念：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。
考点一　that/which/who/whom
Xiao Meng is a girl who/that① loves reading and she is also a girl who/whom/that② teachers often praise.Books that/which③ talk about love or adventures are her favorite.Journey to the West is the first book that④ Xiao Meng has read，and it is the best novel that④ she has read.Everything that④ appears in the novel is interesting and both people and monsters that④ are described in it make her fascinated.
①关系词指人作主语，可以用that，who引导。
②关系词指人作宾语，可以用that, who，whom 引导。
③关系词指物作主语或宾语，可以用that, which引导。
④关系词指物由形容词或副词最高级、序数词修饰，或者是关系词是不定代词，或关系词既指人又指物时，只能用that。
1．that/which/who/whom在句子里充当主语或宾语，这些关系词叫关系代词。在上面的短文中的限制性定语从句中，that 出现频率最高。既可以作主语，也可以作宾语，既可以指人，也可以指物。
2．此外指物时只用that 不用which的情况的口诀：very、only序最高，人物、不定that好。即先行词指物被the very、the only、序数词、形容词或副词最高级修饰时，或者先行词既包括人也包括物时，或者先行词指物是不定代词或被不定代词修饰时，定语从句用that引导。
This is the very book that I have been looking for for several days.
这正是我找了好几天的那本书。
Is there anything that you want to say about this matter?
关于这件事你想说什么呢？
3．定语从句的谓语动词要与先行词的数保持一致。
I still remember the people in the remote village who were friendly to me.
我仍然记得那些住在边远地区对我很友好的乡亲们。
The students who are interested in the activity should sign up for it in advance.
对这次活动感兴趣的同学们要提前报名。
点对点练****单句语法填空
1．The dictionary that/which the gentleman bought half an hour ago was very expensive.
2．The lady who/that is(be) standing behind the counter is my sister.
3．The man who/whom/that I served was wearing a hat.
4．This is the third apple that she has eaten in the afternoon.
5．This is the only/very thing that I can do to solve the tricky problem.
6．That’s all that I know about the young man living next door.
7．When they met again，the two friends talked about lots of things and persons that they could remember in the school.
8．This is the best film that I have ever seen.
考点二　as/which/whose
As① we all know/As① is known to all，Li Hua is a student whose② name is o