高中英语人教01 代词要点精读与精练.docx

2023年高考英语一轮复****基础知识+基本能力双清
代词
考点复****1
代词的种类
一、 人称代词
1. 人称代词作主语用主格，作宾语、表语用宾格，但应注意以下四种情况：
①作主语的人称代词如果孤立地使用于无谓语动词的句子中，或在这种句子中与动词不定式连用，常用宾格。
—Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard.
—Why me? John is sitting there doing nothing.
②句子中代词作宾语或宾语补足语时，与所替代的名词在人称、数、格以及意义上一般要保持前后一致。
The thief was thought to be he.(the thief是主格，故用he替代)
They took me to be her.他们误以为我是她。(me是宾格，故用her替代)
③作表语的人称代词一般用宾格，但在强调句型中，被强调部分代词的格不变。
I met her in the hospital. → It was her who I met in the hospital.
④在比较级的句子中than、as后用主格、宾格都可以。如：He is taller than me(I).但在下列句中有区别：
I like Jack as much as her.＝I like both Jack and her.
I like Jack as much as she.＝I like Jack and she likes him, too.
2. 两个以上的人称代词并列，其次序排列原则：
在并列主语中，＂I＂总是放在最后，排列顺序为：二 三 一(人称)。宾格me也一样。
You, she and I will be in charge of the case.
Mr. Zhang asked Li Hua and me to help him.
【典例示例】
1.（2020·江苏·单项填空）This actor often has the first two tricks planned before performing, and then goes for ______.
A.whichever B.whenever C.wherever D.whatever
【答案】D
【解析】考查代词词义辨析。句意:这个演员通常在表演前就已经计划好了前两个技巧，然后全力以赴。A. whichever无论哪个；B. whenever无论何时；C. wherever无论何地；D. whatever无论什么。分析句子成分可知，此处做goes for的宾语，指代“任何事情”，whatever符合语境。故选D。
2.（2019·天津卷·单项填空）A study shows the students who are engaged in after-school activities are happier
than _________who are not.
A. ones B. those C. these D. them
【答案】B
【解析】考查代词。句意：一项研究表明，参加课外活动的学生比不参加课外活动的学生更开心。空格处代词与the students是对应关系，可以用the ones或者those替代。“them”指代的是前边提到的复数名词，不能与the students形成对应关系。“these”一般不用定语从句修饰。故选B。
3. （2018· 新课标卷II· 短文改错）As kid, I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I
asked to them, my parents would not let me. They would say to us that playing card games
would help my brain.
【答案】us改为me
【解析】句意：他们会对我说玩纸牌有助于大脑。偷换人称代词，是对“我”说，前面提到的I，而不是we。故把us改为me。
4. （2018·新课标卷III·语法填空）When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find
68 (they) alive.
【答案】them
【解析】此处作find 的宾语，所以用宾格them。
二、 物主代词
1.