高中英语人教第01讲 冠词和名词（练）-2023年高考英语（解析版）.docx

第01讲 冠词和名词（练）
一、单项选择
1．（2022·黑龙江·哈尔滨三中高一期末）It’s wise to keep on ______ good terms with neighbouring countries, which will be mutually beneficial in ______ long term.
A．/; a B．the; a C．/; the D．the; the
【答案】C
【解析】考查冠词。句意：与邻国保持良好关系是明智的，从长远来看，这将是互惠互利的。根据句意及句子结构可知，第一空考查短语keep on good terms with，表示“与……保持好关系”，零冠词；第二空考查短语in the long run，表示“从长远看”，故填定冠词the。故选C。
2．（2022·新疆喀什·高二期末）Jack was playing ________ guitar while I was playing ________ soccer.
A．a; / B．the; / C．/; the D．/; a
【答案】B
【解析】考查冠词。句意：杰克在弹吉他，而我在踢足球。表示演奏乐器时，乐器前面使用定冠词the， 球类前使用零冠词。故选B。
3．（2022·黑龙江·哈尔滨三中高一期末）Through ______, many people win success out of what seems to be certain failure.
A．property B．perspective C．perseverance D．procedure
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过毅力，许多人从看似肯定的失败中赢得成功。A. property财产；B. perspective观点；C. perseverance毅力；D. procedure程序。根据句意可知，此处表示“毅力让人从失败中获得成功”，故选C。
4．（2019·河北唐山·高二期中）He left such a great ________on his teachers that all of them could remember him after many years.
A．attraction B．profession C．impression D．radiation
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他给老师们留下了如此深刻的印象以至于很多年后他们都能记得他。A.attraction吸引；B.profession职业；C.impression 印象；D.radiation辐射。结合“all of them could remember him after many years.”可知使用短语leave an impression on sb.，意为“给某人留下印象”。故选C。
5．（2022·广东江门·高二期末）In many ways my ________ has helped me grow stronger psychologically and become more independent.
A．inability B．unable C．disabled D．disability
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：在很多方面，我的残疾帮助我在心理上变得更坚强，变得更独立。A. inability无能；B. unable不能的；C. disabled残疾的；D. disability残疾。分析句子可知，此处作主语，应用名词，故排除B和C；根据后文的“helped me grow stronger psychologically”可知，是残疾让我的心理变得更坚强。故选D。
6．（2022·天津三中高一期末）After several ______ to climb Qomolangma, he finally reached the top of it.
A．attempts B．attacks C．chapters D．disasters
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过几次攀登珠峰的尝试，他终于登上了山顶。A. attempts尝试；B. attacks攻击；C. chapters(书的)章，篇，回；D. disasters灾难。根据后文“he finally reached the top of it”可知，他最终到达顶峰，所以应该是经过几次尝试了。故选A项。
7．（2022·北京师大附中高一期中）The passenger’s ________ of the accident wa