人教专练33 概要写作内涵转换策略(解析版)---高考英语复习.doc

备战2021届高考英语二轮复****题型专练（新高考）33
概要写作内涵转换策略
【概要写作语言优化攻略】
概要写作的评分原则之一是“对各要点表达的独立性情况”，即要用自己的语言表述原文要点，不能照抄原文的语句。同时各要点之间应注意利用恰当的过渡衔接词汇，使所写的句子连贯流畅。
一 、优化你的语言
1. 替换单词、短语
在找出文中的要点后，利用替换单词、短语等方法来增强语言表达的独立性。
①利用同义词(短语)或近义词(短语)代替原文单词或短语。
②将原文动词短语转换为介词短语、名词短语替换成动词短语、动词转换为名词、形容词转换为副词等。
2. 调整句式
除了用替换单词、短语等方式增强语言表达的独立性外，还可以采用灵活调整句式的方式达到语气目标。
(1)长变短：压缩长的句子和词组，使其变得短小精悍，如两个简单句整合为一个并列句或主从复合句；复合句或并列句简化为简单句、从句简化为介词短语或者分词短语等。
(2)主动变被动：主动句变为被动句式，更生动更符合英语表达。
(3)善用定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句、倒装句、强调句、省略句等丰富的句型结构等。
二、恰当过渡衔接
概要写作的评分标准之一是上下文的连贯性，要求你有效运用一定的衔接手段。
3种使上下文连贯的衔接手段
①词汇衔接：运用原词、近义词或反义词、上下义词等的复现。
②逻辑衔接：利用表逻辑关系的过渡词衔接上下文，如besides, in addition, therefore等，在选用过渡衔接词时，应考虑前后句子之间的内在逻辑关系。
③语法衔接：常见的语法衔接有替代和省略。
替代：用代词替代前面的名词(短语)和句子，用助动词代替前面的动词(短语)。
省略：在语境表达清晰的情况下，为了表达简洁，省略上文或下文的某个词句。
【策略演示】
阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
(2019年6月，浙江高考)Parents everywhere praise their kids. Jenn Berman, author of The A to Z Guide to Raising Happy and Confident Kids, says, “We've gone to the opposite extreme of a few decades ago when .” By giving kids a lot of praise, parents think they're building their children's confidence, when, in fact, it may be just the opposite. and, when given in a way that's insincere, make kids afraid to try new things or take a risk for fear of not being able to stay on top where their parents' praise has put them.
Still, don't go too far in the other direction. . Kids will feel like and, as a result, may see no point in trying hard for their accomplishments.
So what is the right amount of praise? Experts say that . If praise is sincere and focused on the effort not the outcome, you can . “We should especially recognize our children's efforts to push themselves and work hard to achieve a goal，” says Donahue, author of Parenting Without Fear: Letting Go of Worry and Focusing on What Really Matters. “One thing to remember is that it's the process not the end product that .”
Your son may not be the best basketball player on his team. But if he's out there every d