第1讲 谓语动词 考点一 动词的时态 At first,Xiao Ming didn’t like① school and was① addicted to computer games.Every time his mother asked① him what he was doing② before going to bed,the answer was that he was playing② computer games.His father had beaten③ him many times before Xiao Ming went to middle school,so Xiao Ming promised that he would study④ hard and wouldn’t play games. However,Xiao Ming has changed⑤ a lot in the past three years.When others ask about him,his mother always answers⑥ proudly,“He is doing homework⑦ at home.He has been studying⑧ for several hours.” Xiao Ming will enter⑨ a good college if he keeps working hard like this.Maybe after 3 years he will be studying⑩ in a famous university. ①是一般过去时,结构为:谓语动词用动词的一般过去式形式。 ②是过去进行时,结构为:was/were+现在分词。 ③是过去完成时,结构为:had+过去分词。 ④是过去将来时,结构为:would+动词原形。 ⑤是现在完成时,结构为:has/have+过去分词。 ⑥是一般现在时,结构为:谓语动词为动词原形或动词的单数第三人称形式。 ⑦是现在进行时,结构为:am/is/are+现在分词。 ⑧是现在完成进行时,结构为:have/has been+现在分词。 ⑨是一般将来时,结构为:will+动词原形。 ⑩是将来进行时,结构为:will+be+现在分词。 一、词形变化 在时态的变化中,动词的形式需要发生相应的变化。动词形式不正确已经成为英语写作中重要的扣分因素。因此,要注意在不同时态中的词形变化。 形式 变化规则 构成方法 例词 原形 see,finish,teach,touch 三单 一般情况 直接加-s look—looks write—writes 以-ch,-sh,-s,-x结尾 加-es teach—teaches finish—finishes guess—guesses mix—mixes 以“辅音+o”结尾 加-es do—does go—goes 以“辅音字母+y”结尾 变y为i 加-es try—tries cry—cries 过去式 一般情况 直接加-ed stay—stayed look—looked 以不发音-e结尾 直接加-d decide—decided hope—hoped 以重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写辅音字母加-ed stop—stopped admit—admitted 以“辅音字母+y”结尾 变y为i加-ed carry—carried try—tried 现在分词 一般情况 直接加-ing go—going read—reading 以不发音-e结尾 去e加-ing have—having write—writing 以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母 双写辅音字母加-ing cut—cutting run—running 二、核心考点 高考中通常把时态和语境结合起来考查(常在语法填空和短文改错两个题型中考查)。题干中往往没有明确的时间状语,需要考生搜索出时间参照信息。英语有16种时态,中学阶段常用的是10种。 1.一般现在时 (1)常常表示人的****惯或经常性发生的动作。常用的时间状语有always,usually,often,sometimes,every day等。 I usually do my homework in the evening every day. 我通常每天晚上做作业。 (2)在时间、条件等状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 They’ll stand by you