人教高中英语专题06 从句（定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句）.doc

专题06 从句
（定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句）
Part01 定语从句
1：考点梳理
引导定语从句的关系词；
限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别；
“介词＋关系代词”的结构；
关系词之间的异同及选用。
考点1　定语从句的种类
(1)限制性定语从句
从句在句中是不可缺少的部分，去掉后主句意思往往不明确，与主句之间不用逗号隔开。
This is the house which we bought last month.
(2)非限制性定语从句
从句是对主句或先行词的补充和说明，去掉后不影响主句的意思，与主句之间往往用逗号隔开。
The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.
当先行词是专有名词或被物主代词/指示代词所修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性的。
Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year.
My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden.
非限制性定语从句还能将整个主句作为先行词，对其进行修饰，这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。
He seems not to have grasped what I meant, which greatly upsets me.
考点2 关系代词与关系副词
关系词
先行词
从句成分
例句
备注
关
系
代
词
who
人
主语
Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?
whom,which和that在从句中作宾语时,常可以省略,但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略,也不可以用that
whom
人
宾语
Mr Smith is the person with whom I am working.
The boy (whom) she loved died in the war.
whose
人、物
定语
I like those books whose topics are about history.
The boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate.
that
人、物
主语、宾语
A plane is a machine that can fly.
She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.
which
物
主语、宾语
The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.
The picture which was about the accident was terrible.
as
人、物
主语、宾语
He is such a person as is respected by all of us.
This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.
as作宾语一般不省略
关
系
副
词
when
时间
时间状语
I will never forget the day when we met there.
可用on which替换
where
地点
地点状语
This is the house where I was born.
可用in which替换
why
原因
原因状语
I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer.
可用for which替换
考点3　　关系代词that和which的特殊用法
1. 限制性定语从句中，只用关系代词that的情况：
(1)先行词是all, everything, anything, nothing, little, much, few等不定代词。
I will tell you everything that I know.
(2)先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰。
What is the first foreign city that you have ever been to?
(3)先行词被the only, the very (正好), the last, all, any, every, no, little, much, some等限定词修饰。
Chatting is th