高中英语人教第2部分 语法专项突破 专题1 第2讲　非谓语动词.docx

第2讲　非谓语动词
非谓语动词概述
1．什么是非谓语动词？
非谓语动词是动词的特殊形式，在句子中可以充当谓语以外的成分。
2．非谓语动词在句子中的作用
一个句子中已存在一个主句(含谓语动词)，又没有连词的情况下，再出现一个动词则用非谓语动词。
eg.She got off the bus，but she left her handbag on the seat.(有并列连词，所以用谓语动词)
She got off the bus，leaving her handbag on the seat.(没有连词，所以用非谓语动词)
3．非谓语动词的种类：动词的-ing形式、过去分词和不定式。
考点一　动词的-ing形式
Reading① is one of Xiao Meng’s hobbies.Since she was a child，she has been dreaming of becoming② a writer.Last month，she read a book describing③ love between a boss and a sleeping④ beauty—a girl whose gift is solving⑤ difficult problems in her dreams.Her colleagues often found her solving⑥ problems while sleeping⑦ soundly.The book is very interesting⑤.Xiao Meng really enjoys reading② the novel and imagines solving② difficult problems in her own dreams.
动词的-ing形式在句子中作什么成分
①作主语
②作宾语
③作后置定语
④作前置定语
⑤作表语
⑥作宾补
⑦作状语
一、-ing的形式
语态形式
时态形式
主动
被动
一般式
doing
being done
完成式
having done
having been done
二、核心考点
1．动词-ing形式作主语(doing/being done作主语不表示正在进行，只表示主/被动)
(1)动名词短语作主语时，可以直接放在句首。谓语动词常常用单数，但表示多于一个的概念时，谓语动词则用复数。
Playing cellphone games is his favourite.
玩手机游戏是他的最爱。
Dancing and skating are my hobbies，and I also like to read short stories.
跳舞和溜冰是我的爱好，同时我也喜欢读短篇小说。
Being laughed at in public made me embarrassed.
当众被人嘲笑让我感到尴尬。
(2)有时用it作形式主语，常用于It is/was a waste (of...)/no use/no good doing sth.结构中。
It is no use trying to persuade such a stubborn person.
想要说服这样一个固执的人是没有什么用处的。
It is no pleasure being blamed in the face of other students.
当着其他同学的面被责备是没有乐趣可言的。
2．动词-ing形式作宾语(doing/being done作宾语不表示正在进行，只表示主/被动)
(1)动词-ing 形式可以作介词的宾语
I help Mum out by doing the housework that I can do.
我通过做力所能及的家务活帮助妈妈。
The boy cried loudly for not being allowed to enter the amusement park.
这孩子因不被允许进入游乐场而大声哭泣。
注意：以下短语中to 都是介词
be used to doing****惯于　object to 反对　devote oneself to 致力于　stick to坚持　 pay attention to注意　look forward to期盼　adapt to适应　adjust to (使)适应于　owe...to归咎于　be addicted to对……上瘾
(2)动词-ing形式可以作某些及物动词的宾语，只跟动名词(doing)作宾语的动词有：