2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(北京卷) 英语 本试卷共12页,共120分。考试时长100分钟。 第一部分:知识运用(共两节,45分) 第一节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分) A 阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says food___1___(play) a big role in his life. "My mum was a great cook, and she'd sometimes let me have a try," he said. The first dish Oliver prepared for his family was fried chicken wings. He made it with his mum's help. Oliver says if you're___2___(luck) enough to have someone close to you who enjoys cooking, ask them___3___you can join in when it's possible. 【答案】1. plays/has played/is playing/has been playing 2. lucky 3. if/whether 【解析】 【分析】本文是记叙文,主要介绍了美食节目主持人奥利弗。 【1题详解】 考查时态。句意:他说食物在他的生命中扮演着重要角色。此处表示现在的状态,也可以表示从过去一直到现在延续的状态,所以可以用现在时,现在进行时,现在完成时和现在完成进行时。故填plays/has played/is playing/has been playing。 【2题详解】 考查形容词。句意:奥利弗说,如果你足够幸运,身边有一个喜欢烹饪的人。空前有be动词,所以空处填形容词做表语。故填lucky。 【3题详解】 考查连词。句意:问他们你是否有可能加入他们。____ you can join in when it's possible.是宾语从句,从句成分完整,但缺“是否”的意思,故填if/whether。 B 阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they___4___(throw) away. It takes them hundreds of years___5___(break) down. Many of these bags end up in the ocean where larger ones can trop sea creatures, such as turtles and dolphins. Over time, the bags fall apart___6___countless tiny pieces, and fish can accidentally eat some of them. Now, lots of___7___(country) and regions are taking action to ban the sale of such bags to stop people using them. 【答案】4. are thrown 5. to break 6. into/to 7. countries 【解析】 【分析】 这是一篇说明文,介绍了一次性塑料袋的危害,应禁止使用。 【4题详解】 考查时态语态。句意:一次性塑料袋在扔掉之前最多使用几次。本文讲的是客观事实,应该用一般现在时,主语they(Single-use plastic bags )和谓语动词throw之间是被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态,且谓语动词用复数形式。故填are thrown。 【5题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意:它们用几百年的时间才分解。固定句型It takes sb./sth. +一段时间+ to do sth.(花某人/物多长时间干某事),此处用动词不定式(to do )作真正主语,It形式主语。故填to break。 【6题详解】 考查介词。句意:随着时间的推移,这些袋子分解成成无数的小碎片,鱼可能会