热点11 语法填空 语法填空旨在考查考生在阅读理解的基础上对语法知识的掌握情况,着重考查考生的综合语言运用能力,体现了语言测试的交际性原则。其考查形式分为给出提示词和不给出提示词两种。 1.给出提示词的考查内容包括:词性转换(如名词、动词、形容词与副词等的词性转换);名词单、复数变化;形容词和副词的比较等级变化;动词的时态、语态以及非谓语动词等。 2.不给出提示词的考查内容包括:根据上下文语境填入冠词、副词、连词、代词及介词等。 (一)不给出提示词填空题的解题技巧 1. 如果句子缺主语或宾语,一般填代词。 【考例】 When I ask him to please put down the phone and stop ignoring me, he says, “In a minute,” but still checks to see if 38 has posted something new on the internet. 解析: someone/somebody。宾语从句中缺主语,根据句意可知应填someone/somebody。 2. 名词前面若没有限定词(冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词等),很可能填限定词。 【考例】 The adobe dwellings(土坯房) built by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 62 most modern of architects and engineers. 解析: the。形容词最高级前加the。 3. 如果句子不缺主语、表语或宾语,在名词或代词前面一般填介词。 【考例】 In India, for example, most people traditionally eat 50 their hands. 解析: with。with+表示具体工具的名词,意为“用……”。 4. 若两个或两个以上单词或短语之间没有连词,则可能填连词。 【考例】 In much of Asia, especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, Korea, 41 Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks. 解析: and。此处列举了一些亚洲国家,它们之间是并列关系。 5. 若两个句子之间没有连词,也没有分号、破折号或句号,一般填并列连词或从属连词。 (1)并列句 【考例】 It was time for her to have a new baby, 70 it was also time for the young panda to be independent. 解析: and。此处两个分句之间为并列关系,故使用and。 (2)名词性从句 【考例】 Eventually, I decided to follow her and 26 happened truly amazed me. 解析: what。连接代词what引导主语从句并在从句中作主语。 (3)定语从句 【考例】 But my connection with pandas goes back to my days on a TV show in the mid-1980s, 65 I was the first Western TV reporter permitted to film a special unit caring for pandas rescued from starvation in the wild. 解析: when。先行词the mid-1980s指时间且定语从句中不缺少主干成分,缺少狀语,故用关系副词when来引导。 (4)状语从句 【考例】 Over time, 45 the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. 解析: as/when。as/when引导时间状语从句。 6. 若句子结构较完整,空格后的谓语动词是原形,特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时,则很可能填情态动词或表示强调或疑问的助动词(do, does, did等)。 【考例】 Remember, however, that you should usually consult different ty