考向12 名词性从句 【命题解读】 1.了解名词性从句的基本用法,掌握名词性从句的引导词及引导词在名词性从句中的作用,辨析that与what,if与whether等引导词的用法。 2.明确it作形式主语和形式宾语、代替主语从句及宾语从句的用法,及其与强调句的区别。 3.区分that引导的同位语从句及定语从句。 【命题预测】 预计2020年高考对名词性从句的考查仍然不会单纯地考查其语法结构,而是将其融入一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。 【复****建议】 1. 掌握宾语从句的用法; 2. 了解同位语从句的用法; 3. 掌握表语从句的用法; 4. 掌握主语从句的用法; 5. 如何正确选择引导词。 考向一 主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中担任主语的句子。其特点有: (1)引导词: 从属连词 that, whether; 连接代词 who, what, which; whoever, whatever, whichever; 连接副词 when, where, how和why。 (2)语序:陈述句语序 (3)在主语从句中只能用whether,不能用if That he will win the match is certain. It is certain that he will win the match. 1. 一般来说主语从句都是放在句首,但有时为了使句子保持平衡,避免"头重脚轻",常用it作形式主语,从而把主语从句放后面。常以it作形式主语的句型有: ①It is+形容词+that... ☞It is certain that she will do well in her exam. 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 ②It is+名词词组(no wonder,an honour,a good thing,a pity,no surprise,common knowledge,a surprise, a fact,etc. )+that... ☞It’s a pity that we can’t go. 很遗憾我们不能去。 ③It is+过去分词(said,reported,thought,expected,decided,announced,arranged,etc. )+that... ☞It has been suggested that much should be done to prevent the river from being polluted. 有人建议应做更多的工作阻止河流遭受污染。 ④It appears/seems that...|It happens that...|It occurred to me that...|It turned out that... ☞It turned out that nobody remembered the address. 结果发现没人记得这地址。 ⑤It doesn’t matter that...|It makes no difference that... ☞It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not. 她是否来这无关紧要。 2. 当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时,要以it作形式主语,而把主语从句后置。 ☞Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow? 他们明天不来很要紧吗? 3. 当主语从句出现在感叹句中时,要以it作形式主语,而把主语从句后置。 ☞How strange it is that the children are so quiet! 孩子们这么安静真奇怪! 【典例分析】 1. (2020﹒天津)The student completed this experiment to make come true ______ Professor Joseph had said. A. that B. what C. when D. where 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词性从句。句意:为了使约瑟夫教授所说的成为现实,这个学生完成了这个实验。_________ Professor Joseph had said作make的宾语从句,该从句中,空处在从句中作said的宾语,表示”……所说的话”,因此应用what引导该从句。故选B。 2. (2019﹒新课标I卷)While th