高中英语人教题型一 阅读理解（4词义猜测题）（解析版）.docx

题型一 阅读理解(词义猜测题)
目录
一 、考情概述 1
二 、命题特点 1
三 、选项特点 2
四、 链高考 · 探究 2
五、考法解题能力提升 7
六、精选考点题型专练 13
一 、考情概述
词义猜测题是高考阅读理解的必考题型,也是考查考生英语语言能力和思维品质的重要形式。每套试卷中直接考查词义猜测的试题一般不超过两道。除了直接命题考查词义猜测外,在阅读理解文章中,有时会有一些生僻的单词或短语,且文中没有附加注释,这时就需要考生根据上下文猜测词义,从而准确理解文章,这是对词义猜测的一种间接考查。
词义猜测题旨在考查考生根据上下文推断单词、词组、句子的本义或延伸义以及代词的指代意义的能力。要求猜测词义的词一般为动词、名词、形容词或代词等,这些词要么是生僻词,要么是考生比较熟悉的又有生僻义的词,有时还会要求考生猜测一句话的含义。
二 、命题特点
1.常考的角度
(1)熟词生义,即常用词在特殊语言环境中具有的特殊意义。
(2)专业化程度较高的词的含义。
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(3)生僻词的含义。
(4)代词所指代的含义。
2.常见的设问形式
(1)What does the underlined word/phrase "..." in paragraph... probably mean?
(2)What does the underlined word"..." in paragraph...refer to?
(3)Which of the following best explains "..." underlined in paragraph...?
(4)Which of the following could replace the underlined phrase "..." in paragraph...?
(5)Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word "..."?
三 、选项特点
1.正确选项的特点
(1)相应词语的同义词语。
(2)对相应语句的解释、复述或概括。
2.干扰项的特点
(1)对原表达方式的不正确改写。
(2)信息不全。
(3)半对半错。
(4)曲解原意。
这些干扰项有时会使用较多原句中的表达,给人似是而非的误导,考生要多加注意。
四、 链高考 · 探究
Passage 1
语篇类型:说明文　主题:海狸鼠皮毛时装　词数:324　难度:★★★　
建议时间:7分钟
高考真题
When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list, fur probably didn't cross your mind. But some ecologists and fashion(时装) enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria(海狸鼠).
Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have
showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different styles. "It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur — unless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year,"says Cree McCree, project director of Righteous Fur.
Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail.Some of the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month.
　　Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild."The ecosystem down there can't handle this