考点11 状语从句(解析版)
【命题趋势】
状语从句则用来表示时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果 等方面的关系。语法填空题型中,该部分是必考内容。状语从句的考查主要集中在条件状语从句、让步状语从句、时间状语从句、原因状语从句和结果状语从句等中。解决状语从句的关键是找出句子之间或从句与主句之间的逻辑关系。
【重要考向】
一、时间状语从句;
二、让步状语从句;
三、条件状语从句;
四、其他状语从句;
考向一
时间状语从句
【典例】
【2021全国甲卷语法填空】
It was not widely accepted as a travel concept______the late 1980s.
【参考答案】
考查固定句型。句意:直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受。根据句意可知,此处表示“直到20世纪80年代晚期才作为旅游观念被广泛接受”,表示“直到……才……”使用固定句型“not……until……”。故填until。
【时间状语从句提分秘籍】
1.when,while和as引导的时间状语从句
when
从句的动作和主句的动作可以同时发生,也可以先后发生。从句谓语动词为延续性动词或非延续性动词。
作并列连词,意为“那时,这时”,常用于be about to do...when...;be doing...when...;had just done...when...;be on the point of doing...when...等结构中。
while
从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生,强调一段时间,从句的谓语动词为延续性动词。
表示“尽管”,引导让步状语从句。
while作并列连词,意为“而,却”,表示对比。
as
从句的动作与主句的动作同时发生或交替进行,可译为“一边……;一边……;随着……”,从句谓语一般为延续性动词。
When we handed him the bag of food,he lit up and thanked us with watery eyes.
当我们递给他那包食物时,他对我们表示感谢,脸上露出喜色,眼睛也湿润了。
My only mistake was that I dropped some on the floor when/while I was packing them up.
我的唯一过错是当我打包时掉在了地上一些。
One Friday,we were packing to leave for a weekend away when my daughter heard cries for help.
一个周五,我们正在打包动身去过周末,就在这时我女儿听到了呼救声。
2.表示“一……就……”含义的词(短语)引导的时间状语从句
(1)as soon as;immediately;directly;instantly;the
moment/minute/instant;no sooner...than...;hardly...when...
(2)hardly...when...;no sooner...than...中主句用过去完成时,从句应用一般过去时;当hardly和no sooner 位于句首时,主 句要部分倒装。
I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once. x!kw
我刚到办公室,我妻子就打电话让我立刻回家。
He had no sooner finished his speech than the students started cheering.
=No sooner had he finished his speech than the students started cheering.
他刚完成演讲学生们就欢呼起来。
The moment I heard the voice,I knew father was coming.
我一听到那个声音就知道父亲来了。
The boy burst into tears immediately he saw his mother.
那男孩一见到他妈妈便放声大哭。
3.引导时间状语从句的其他常见连词
(1)until与till引导的时间状语从句
until/till意为“直到……时”,引导时间状语从句时,表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。当主句的谓语动词是 延 续性动词时,主句常用肯定形式;当主句的谓语动词是非 延