高中英语人教Unit 1 Science and Scientists 作业.doc

UNIT 1　Science and Scientists
A组·基础巩固
Ⅰ. 语法填空
A
Way back in 1674, a frog helped Antonie van Leeuwenhoek make an incredible discovery. Antonie was an amateur scientist from Holland, so fascinated by microscopes 1. ________ he'd built some of his own. One rainy day, as he went for a walk, a leaping frog 2. ________ (draw) his attention to a puddle.
Antonie collected a drop of puddle water and put it 3. ________ his microscope. He was amazed 4. ________ (see) a whole community of creatures swimming in this one drop — tiny beings no one had ever seen before.
These tiny beings, called microbes, are everywhere: in dirt, in food and on your kitchen table. People 5. ________ (cover) in them, too. 6. ________ you were to count all the microbes on and inside your body, you would find your body has more microbes than the world has people — over 6 billion!
Microbes can't survive on 7. ________ (they) own. They need food. After 8. ________ (settle) into a home — you, for instance — they steal vitamins and other nutrients and leave behind dead cells and poisonous liquids called toxins. Some microbes can make you sick. People usually call these ones germs. 9. ________ (lucky) for you, there are more 10. ________(help) microbes, working together to keep you healthy, than bad ones.
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，通过安东尼用显微镜发现水滴中的微生物引出话题，指出微生物无处不在，但大多数微生物对人类是有益的。
1. that　考查连词。句意：安东尼是一位来自荷兰的业余科学家，他对显微镜太入迷了以至于他自己做了几个。根据so可知本空应用that引导结果状语从句。
2. drew　考查动词时态。句意：在一个雨天，他散步的时候，一只跳跃的青蛙使他注意到一个水坑。根据One rainy day可知，本句应用一般过去时，故填drew。
3. under　考查介词。句意：安东尼收集了一滴水坑的水，并把它放在他的显微镜下。根据常识可知，要把物体放到显微镜下面观察，故应用介词under“在……下面”。
4. to see　考查不定式。句意：他吃惊地看见一整个生物群落正在这一滴水中游动。be amazed to do sth.为固定用法，意为“吃惊地做某事”。
5. are covered　考查动词时态和语态。根据语境可知，此处讲述客观事实，应用一般现在时；本句中的cover和主语People之间是被动关系，故应用一般现在时的被动语态，故填are covered。
6. If　考查连词。句意：如果你要数你身体上和身体内所有的微生物，你会发现你的身体有比世界上的人数还要多的微生物——超过60亿！根据语境可知，本空应用连词If引导条件状语从句。
7. their　考查代词。on one's own为固定用法，意为“单独地，独自地”。
8. settling　考查动名词。句意：在宿主——比如你——体内定居后，它们会偷走维生素和其他营养物质，留下死细