2017年高考“最后三十天”专题透析 好教育云平台--教育因你我而变 4 专题四 ×× 定语从句 命题趋势 定语从句是高中英语三大类从句中最难的一类,其难点主要在于很多学生在学****时分不清先行词,不能正确使用关系代词、关系副词。因此在学****定语从句时,务必搞清定语从句的概念、关系词的正确选择和使用情况等。 2021年新高考定语从句的考查还将是对关系代词和关系副词的考查,并且仍将不会仅单纯考查其语法结构,而是将其融入一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。对于定语从句考纲要求掌握以下内容: 1.引导限制性定语从句的关系词; 2.引导非限制性定语从句的关系词; 3.限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别; 4.介词+关系代词的用法; 5.不定代词/数词+of which/whom引导的非限制性定语从句及其该结构与并列句的判断; 6.关系词之间的异同现象及选用。 考点清单 一、关系代词一览表 关系词 先行词 从句成分 例句 备注 关系代词 who 人 主语 Do you know the man who is talking with your mother? whom,which和that在从句中做宾语时,常可以省略,但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略,也不可以用that 2017年高考“最后三十天”专题透析 好教育云平台--教育因你我而变 4 whom 人 宾语 Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working. The boy(whom) she loved died in the war. whose 人/物 定语 I like those books whose topics are about history. The boy whose father works abroad is my desk mate. that 人/物 主语 宾语 A plane is a machine that can fly. She is the pop star(that) I want to see very much. which 物 主语 宾语 The book(which) I gave you was worth $10. The picture which was about the accident was terrible. as 人/物 主语 宾语 He is such a person as is respected by all of us. This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. as做宾语一般不省略 关系副词 when 时间 时间状语 I will never forget the day when we met there. 可用on which where 地点 地点状语 This is the house where I was born. 可用in which why 原因 原因状语 I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer. 可用for which 二、that与which,who,whom的用法区别 1. that和which的用法区别 在定语从句中,关系代词which和that都可指物,一般情况下,可以互换使用。但在下列情况下值得注意: (1)只能用that而不能用which的情形: 2017年高考“最后三十天”专题透析 好教育云平台--教育因你我而变 4 ①当先行词为:all,little,few,much,none及some-,any-,no-,every-与thing所组成的复合单词时,只能用that。如:There is nothing that will stop us making progress. ②当先行词前面有only,some,any,no,every,little,few,much,all,very等形容词修饰时,只能用that。 如:This is the only problem that we can’t work out. ③当先行词由形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时,只能用that。 如:This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. ④当先行词同时包括人和