人教高考英语复习 第第9讲　体裁微解——新闻报道.docx

第9讲　体裁微解——新闻报道
新闻报道的第一句往往为全文的中心句(topic sentence)，因此在这个句子中主要讲清what(事件)，when(时间)，where(地点)和who(人物)，而在下文则要补充事件的过程和细节，往往包括why(目的或原因)和how(具体过程)等。新闻报道的一些常用语包括It is reported that...，As is reported...，According to the report...，It is estimated that...等。新闻报道亦为记叙文，时态一般要用过去时；主句、从句结构清晰，语言客观平实，往往没有过分花哨的词汇和过于复杂的句型。主要具有以下特点：
选材
新闻报道要突出新闻性，作者应避免对该新闻事件进行主观判断和评价。
内容
新闻报道的内容真实、新鲜、及时、重要、趣味可读，时效性极强。
结构
标题＋导语＋正文＋结束语
语言
短小精悍(常用代词)；客观真实(被动语态和间接引语的使用)。
命题
题型主要为观点推断题；考查语篇衔接，推断某一特定词或者短语的指代内容；考查主旨归纳题。
新闻报道主要是提供事实信息，一般是简单叙述事件发生的五要素，事件经过和各方反应，很少去探究事件背后深层次的原因。新闻报道的体裁主要有消息、通讯，通常采用记叙的方式来讲清事实(即时间、地点、人物、事件、原因)，强调用事实说话，注重准确客观。因此，做题时要关注新闻报道的结构和细节。具体答题策略如下：
(2019·浙江·B)
Money with no strings attached. It’s not something you see every day.But at Union Station in Los Angeles last month，a board went up with dollar bills attached to it with pins and a sign that read，“Give What You Can，Take What You Need.”
People quickly caught on.And while many took dollars，many others pinned their own cash
to the board.“People of all ages，races，and socio-economic(社会经济的) backgrounds gave and took，” said Tyler Bridges of The Toolbox，which created the project.“We even had a bride in her wedding dress come up to the board and take a few dollars.” Most of the bills on the board were singles，but a few people left fives，tens and even twenties.The video clip(片段) shows one man who had found a $ 20 bill pinning it to the board.
“What I can say for the folks that gave the most，is that they were full of smiles，” Bridges said.“There’s a certain feeling that giving can do for you and that was apparent in those that gave the most.”Most people who took dollars took only a few，but Bridges said a very small number took as much as they could.
While the clip might look like part of a new ad campaign，Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy.He added that he hopes people in other cities might try similar projects and post their own videos on the Internet.
“After all，everyone has bad days and