高中英语人教01 并列句与主谓一致要点精读与精练.docx

2023年高考英语一轮复****基础知识+基本能力双清
并列句与主谓一致
考点复****1
考点一 并列句
并列句中使用的连词是高考考查的重点，考生要熟练掌握常考并列连词的用法。
1．and表示顺承以及并列关系，还可以用于固定句式：“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”。
2．but表示转折关系，不能与although和though连用。
3．so为表示因果关系的连词，一般前一句子多为后面句子存在的原因，so后面的句子为结果，so不能和表示原因的从属连词because连用。
4．or“或者”为表示选择关系的连词，or还可译为“否则”，可用于句型：“祈使句＋or＋陈述句”。
5．利用连词词组both ... and ...、neither ... nor ...、not only ... but also ...、either ... or ...、not ... but ...特殊搭配解题。
6．when/while用作并列连词
when和while可做并列连词。when表示“在那时，此时突然”；while表示“然而，而”，表对比或转折关系。并列连词when常用于以下句型中：
...was/were doing ...when ...
……正在做……突然……
...was/were about to do ...when ...
……刚要做……突然……
...was/were on the point of doing ...when ...
……刚要做……突然……
...had just done ...when ...
……刚/一……就……
·The children were playing when they heard the sound of a motorbike.
孩子们正在玩耍，这时他们听见了摩托车的声音。
·He is strong while his brother is weak.
他很强壮而他哥哥却很虚弱。
【典例分析】
1．(2018·浙江高考)Small amounts of caffeine—a cup ________ two of coffee a day—seem safe for most people.
答案与解析　or　句意：对于大多数人来说，少量的咖啡因——每天一杯或者两杯咖啡似乎是安全的。根据句意可知此处表“或者”， 故填连词or。
2．It was time for her to have a new baby, ________ it was also time for the young panda to be independent.
答案与解析　and　句意：是她有一个新宝宝的时候了，也是小熊猫独立的时候了。两个完整的独立的句子应该用连词相连。上下句之间为并列关系，故用and。并列连词可以连接平行的词、短语或句子。
3．(全国卷Ⅲ)In much of Asia, especially the so－called “rice bowl” cultures of China, Japan, R．O.Korea, Vietnam, food is usually eaten with chopsticks.
答案与解析　and　根据句意可知，几个国家之间是并列关系，故用and连接。
4．(2017·全国卷Ⅰ)Before getting into the car, I thought I had learned the instructor's orders, ________ once I started the car, my mind went blank.
答案与解析　but/yet　句意：上车前我认为自己领会了教练的命令，但是一旦启动汽车，我的大脑就变得一片空白。根据语境可知，此处前后句存在转折关系。应填表示转折关系的并列连词but或yet。
考点二 主谓一致
一致原则
考点详解
例句
语法一致
1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。
His father is working on the farm.
To study English well is not easy.
What he said is very important for us all.
The children were in the classroom two hours ago.
Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes.
2. 由连接词and或bot