人教版第一节　练就6项微技能　全取句内和句组层次题-英语专题三：完形填空（第二讲）.docx

第二讲　从微观把握——破解3大层次题
层级一
送分题目分分得
根据题目信息源的范围，完形填空的题目一般可以分为：句内层次题、句组层次题和语篇层次题。句内层次题和句组层次题相对比较容易。对于这两类题目，要认真分析，确保一分不丢。
第一节　练就6项微技能　全取句内和句组层次题
句内层次题的解题信息分布在本句内，在读懂文意的前提下，利用本句的一些信息凭借语感即可顺利选出答案。句组层次题是比句内层次题稍难一级的题目，其解题信息分布在空格前后的一组意群之中，解题时需“瞻前顾后”，“综合意群信息”解答。即本句信息不足填，空格前后再找信息源。
词汇线索主要是词语复现和词语同现。词语复现是指某一个词以原词或同(近)义词(如decide与determine)、同源词(如ill与illness)、上下义词(如rose是flower的下义词，flower是rose的上义词)、反义词(如wrong与right)等方式在同一语篇中重复出现的现象。词语复现是语篇衔接的一个重要手段。我们可以借助这一衔接手段解答完形填空题。词语同现是指某些语义相关联的词语在语篇中有同时出现的倾向性，也有人将相关联的一群词称之为“词场”。同现词之间有反义或相对关系，或者同类互补关系等。如ill，hospital，doctor，nurse，operation，medicine，patient等一群相互关联的词语就有同时出现在一个语篇中的可能性。

【典例1】　(2021·八省市联考)
So I sat for the haircut.The uncle asked me how 42.long I wanted it.I answered, “Just do as my dad had 43.instructed you the last time.”
He smiled.Before starting the __44__， he added, “What if I keep it long？”
44．A.discussion B．journey
C．training D．haircut
【分析】　本题可以利用原词复现解题。由上文的“So I sat for the haircut.”并结合语境可知， 这里是指在理发之前，理发师对作者的询问。故选D。

【典例2】　(2021·天津3月卷)
For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence.Robbie Pruitt admitted that he got __16__ when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September.But soon enough，his 17.emotions took a turn.After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy 18.instead．
16．A.amazed B．mad
C．curious D．frightened
【分析】　本题可以利用同义词复现解题。根据下文的“After letting go of his anger and frustration”可知，此处和“anger”“ frustration”是同义词，由此可知正确选项。故选B。

【典例3】　(2021·全国乙卷)
Simply saying thank you doesn’t seem enough in certain situations.I was considering this while working as a __41__ just a few weeks ago.And it came to me then how much easier it would be if we had a range of words that express different 42.grades of gratitude (感谢)．
...
She was 49.grateful for everything that the medical and nursing team had done for her.
41．A.cleaner B．chemist
C．nurse D．doctor
【分析】　本题可以利用同源词复现解题。从第三段首句推断，“我”是刚工作不久的一名护士。故选C。nursing与nurse是同源词。

【典例4】　(2021·全国甲卷)
Ol