人教考向52 阅读理解之点式与网式细节理解题的突破策略(解析版)-备战2022年高考英语.docx

考向52 阅读理解
点式与网式细节理解题的突破策略
【策略学****点式细节理解
点式细节理解题答案可以在原文中找到，考生一般可以通过读原文中的某句话或某个词语便能得出答案，此类题属于低层次题。解答点式细节理解题，采取“先题后文，题干定位法”，即从问题中抓关键词(题眼)，运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与题干相吻合的关键词或与关键信息相关的段落，仔细推敲，最后确定答案。
策略1：3步全取直接细节题
直接信息题一般能在文中直接找到明确的信息，往往只考查文章中的个别事实，通常只涉及原文一两句话的信息。
【典例】　(2020·全国卷Ⅰ阅读A)
All customers travelling on TransLink services must be in possession of a valid ticket before boarding.For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.
While Queensland Rail makes every effort to ensure trains run as scheduled，there can be no guarantee of connections between trains or between train services and bus services.
21．What would you do to get ticket information?
A．Call 13 16 17.
B．Visit translink.com.au.
C．Ask at the local station.
D．Check the train schedule.
【分析】
·第一步　找关键词：ticket information
·第二步　定位到原文：在原文中定位原词ticket information，确定关键句为第一段的第二句“For ticket information，please ask at your local station or call 13 12 30.”。
·第三步　比对选项：想要获得票务信息可以咨询当地车站。
策略2：4种特征直取间接细节题
间接信息题一般无法在文中直接找到明确的信息，要求在理解的基础上，对原文信息进行加工或整理后得出结论。
【典例】　(2020·全国卷Ⅲ阅读D)
Dr.Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines.They made a living as divers，spearfishing or harvesting shellfish.“We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders，”Dr.Jubilado said.“I could see them actually walking under the sea.”
34．Why was the young Jubilado astonished at the Bajau?
A．They could walk on stilts all day.
B．They had a superb way of fishing.
C．They could stay long underwater.
D．They lived on both land and water.
【分析】
·第一步　找关键词：astonished
·第二步　定位到原文：利用同义词复现确定答案，由关键词astonished定位文中的“We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders”为信息句，astonished与amazed为同义词 。
·第三步　比对选项：年轻的Jubilado对巴瑶族人惊讶不已的地方在于他们可以在水下待很长时间。
策略3：“加减乘除”破解数字计算题
数字计算题要求考生在原文中找到相关的数字信息，再对相关的数字和信息进行分析和理解，利用加、减、乘、除等运算方法进行计算，确定答案。
【典例】　(2018·全国卷Ⅲ阅读A)
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