人教考向56 优化记叙文(夹叙夹议)完形填空解答5策略(解析版)-备战2022年高考英语.docx

考向56 完形填空
优化记叙文(夹叙夹议)完形填空解答5策略
【考情分析】
新高考考情
新高考新考法
学霸好声音
①记叙文首句完整、线索清楚、叙述灵活、侧重语境
②夹叙夹议文以叙为主，兼顾议论，常采用边叙边议或先叙后议的手法
2020新高考Ⅰ卷完形填空为记叙文，主题语境内容为环境保护，230词左右
①做记叙文类完形填空时，应在理解上下文的基础上，通过分析语境和准确理解选项词语含义来选择正确答案
②做夹叙夹议文类完形填空， 关键在于抓住作者想要表达的思想或抒发的情感
【策略分析】
策略1　利用首句　明大意
解题依据　完形填空首句不设题。记叙文首句往往介绍事情发生的时间、地点、人物和起因等细节信息，说明文和议论文通过首句点明文章主旨。
【策略图解】
【策略示例】
1．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)
As a businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, ________ can also drive you mad.
A. shopkeepers B. customers
C. salespersons D. receptionists
答案与解析　B　根据首句中的“I care deeply about my customers”可知，作者是生意人，因此此处指的是顾客让作者抓狂。故选B。 customer “顾客”；shopkeeper “店主”；salesperson “售货员”； receptionist “接待员”。
2．(2019·全国卷Ⅰ)
Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They __①__ with them lots of waste. The __②__ might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers (冰川) are disappearing, changing the (face) of Kilimanjaro.
①A. keep B. mix
C. connect D. bring
②A. stories B. buildings
C. crowds D. reporters
答案与解析　①D　根据段落首句及设空处后的“with them lots of waste”和常识可知，此处指登山者带来了大量的垃圾。bring “带来”，符合语境。keep “保持”；mix “混合”；connect “连接；联系”。
②C　瞻前顾后解题。根据上文中的“Every year about people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro”可知，每年大约有4万人试图攀登非洲最高峰乞力马扎罗山；再根据设空后的“damage the beauty of the place”可知，这里指的是登山人群可能会破坏这个地方的美。crowd “人群”，符合语境。story “故事”；building “建筑”；reporter “记者”。
策略2　瞻前顾后　巧求索
解题依据　在做完形填空时，应仔细阅读文章，留意文章的细节和措辞，注意前后文的呼应。
【策略图解】
【策略示例】
3．(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)
I remember the first really __①__ customer we had at Covent Garden. She was __②__ absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather __③__ that she became a “regular”. After a while, she __④__ for the way she behaved at the beginning. She had split up with her husband the week before, was living in a flat __⑤__， and since she'd found it too much to cope with (应对), she'd taken it out on __⑥__ people.
①A. generous B. polite
C. careless D. difficult
②A. curio