人教版高中英语专题09 非谓语动词 （解析版）.doc

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专题09 非谓语动词（解析版）
Part 1：知识点梳理
非谓语动词作主语的用法；
非谓语动词作表语的用法；
非谓语动词作定语的用法；
非谓语动词作状语的用法；
非谓语动词作宾语的用法；
非谓语动词作宾语补足语的用法。
知识点1　基本用法
不定式
to do
主动、将来
作主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语、状语和补语
to be done
被动、将来
to be doing
主动、进行
to have done
主动、完成
to have been done
被动、完成
过去分词
done
被动、完成
作表语、状语、定语和补语
动词-ing
doing
主动、进行
作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语(不作目的状语)和补语
being done
被动、进行
having done
主动、完成
having been done
被动、完成
知识点2 非谓语动词作主语
1. 动词-ing和不定式都可作主语，但动词-ing多表示一般情况，而不定式常指具体情况。
Teaching English is my job.
To write an email to the manager is my work today.
2. 动词-ing和不定式作主语时，句子前后应保持结构的一致性。
Seeing is believing.
To see is to believe.
3. “there be＋no＋主语”这种结构中通常用动词-ing作主语，而不用不定式。这种结构表示“不可能，无法”，相当于“it is impossible to do sth.”。
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There is no reasoning with him.
注意：本句型中的no有时可用not any或never any代替。如There is never any telling what will happen in the future.
4. 不定式作主语一般可以用形式主语it代替。
To keep healthy is important.
＝It is important to keep healthy.
注意：It is＋adj.＋for sb. to do sth. 中adj.常为表示不定式行为性质的词(important, impossible, right等)，如：It is impossible for a man to fly by himself. 而It is＋adj.＋of sb. to do sth.中adj.为表示人的品质的词(kind, foolish, clever, wrong, wise, nice等)，如It is kind of you to help me with my English.
5. 动词-ing作主语用形式主语it代替时，常在特定结构It is worthwhile/no good/no use/a waste of...中使用。
It is a waste of time regretting for the past.
6. 单个不定式、动词-ing作主语时谓语动词用单数；并列不定式或动词-ing作主语时若指整体概念，谓语动词仍用单数。
To learn a foreign language well is not easy.
Taking exercise does good to your health.
Going to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.
7. “疑问词＋to do”结构可以作主语、宾语和表语。
Where to find the lost keys is still a problem.
I was wondering how to get there.
My problem is when to change the plan.
知识点3　　非谓语动词作宾语
只接不定式作宾语的动词
hope,want,offer,long(渴望),fail,expect,wish,ask,decide,
pretend,manage,agree,afford,determine,promise,happen
只接v.-ing形式作宾语的动词或短语