人教版高中英语专题12 主谓一致 （解析版）.doc

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专题12 主谓一致（解析版）
Part 1：知识点梳理
语法一致原则；
语义一致原则；
就近原则。
知识点1　基本用法
语
法
一
致
单数名词、非谓语动词、短语或从句作主语
单数
A sheep eats grass.
The word means very good.
To work hard is necessary.
What he said was wrong.
Air is very important to us.
Teaching English carries significance.
用and 或both...and 连接的并列主语
复数
He and I were classmates at that time.
Both bread and butter are sold out.
用and 连接的并列主语如指的是同一个人、同一事物(and 后的名词没有冠词)或主语前分别有each,every,no等修饰时
单数
The girl’s teacher and friend is young.
Bread and butter(=The bread with butter on it)is daily food in the west.
Every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.
不定代词either,neither,each,none,the other,another,anyone,someone,something,everybody,everything,nobody等作主语时
单数
Each of the girls has an apple.
Somebody is waiting for you at the gate.
Everything around us is matter.
主语是单数时,尽管后面跟有but,except,besides,as well as,with,like等连接的其他名词
单数
She as well as her friends likes this film.
My sister,like you and Tom,is very clever.
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由a lot of/lots of/plenty of+名词/分数/百分数+名词作主语时,视名词的数而定
单数
复数
Three-fifths of the water is dirty.
30 percent of them are against the plan.
意
义
一
致
表示复数意义的名词,people,police等作主语时
复数
People are talking about the news.
The police haven’t arrived.
有些集体名词family,class,group,team等作主语时,若看作一个整体,谓语用单数;若视为每一个成员,谓语用复数
视具体情况而定
His family has moved to Shanghai.
His family are all fond of music.
Their class is very big.
The class are waiting for a new teacher.
who ,what ,which ,all ,more ,most ,some,any ,half ,none ,the rest等作主语
视情况而定
Who is a doctor?
Who are league members?
Most of them are young men.
Most of the water is dirty.
表示时间、距离、重量、数字、钱等的复数名词作整体看待时
单数
Thirty years is not a long time.
Five dollars is quite enough.
以-ics结尾的学科名词如politics,maths及news属形复意单名词,及书报名、国名等复数名词作主语
单数
Physics seems to be difficult to me.
The United States is a developed countr