人教高中英语语法复习主谓一致讲解与练习(含答案）.doc

主谓一致
Ⅰ.含义：在英语句子中，谓语受主语支配，其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致。
分类：语法一致原则、逻辑意义一致原则、就近原则。
Ⅱ. 语法一致原则：谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。
以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。
His father is working on the farm. To study English well is not easy.
Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. What he said is true.
【注意】★ 由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。
What I bought were three English books. What I say and do has nothing to do with you.
a pair of +表无生命的名词+单数谓语；a pair of +表人或动物的名词+单数/复数谓语：
This pair of shoes is not mine. The happy pair is / are going to Hawaii for their honeymoon.
2.“单数名词 + and + 单数名词”作主语，谓语动词用复数：
You and I are good friends. The boy and the girl were so surprised when they heard the news.
【注意】★如果and 并列的主语指的是同一个人或物时，谓语动词用单数：
a/ the + 单数名词（人）+ and + 单数名词（人）+ 单数谓语
a/ the + 单数名词（人）+ and + a/ the + 单数名词（人）+ 复数谓语
The dancer and singer was greeted by a crowd of people.
The dancer and the singer were greeted by a crowd of people.
由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an)修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式:
Every man, woman, and child needs love. Each boy and girl was given a book.
Every minute and every second is precious.
有些用and连接起来的单数名词，由于关系密切，已被看成一个整体，因而作主语时，谓语单词用单数。这类名词词组有：
knife and fork 刀叉 needle and thread 针线 bread and butter 面包和黄油