人教2019新版必修二 • Unit 4 一、词汇短语精练:用所给词的适当形式或根据句子含义用适当词组填空。 1. It is only the____________ (achieve) of these goals that will finally bring lasting peace. 【答案】achievement 【解析】考查名词。句意:只有实现这些目标,才能最终带来持久的和平。根据上文定冠词the可知应填名词achievement,作主语,表示“成就”。故填achievement。 2. His footprints were clearly ____________ (evidence) in the heavy dust. 【答案】evident 【解析】考查形容词。句意:他的脚印在厚厚的尘土上清晰可见。were是系动词,接形容词作表语,evidence“证据”是名词,形容词形式是evident“清楚的”,故填evident。 3. There are lots of ____________ (cemetery) outside the country. 【答案】cemeteries 【解析】考查名词。在这个国家外面有很多的公墓。lots of修饰复数名词。故填cemeteries。 4. They climbed upward along the steep cliffs ____________ (surround) the village. 【答案】surrounding 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:他们沿着村庄周围的陡峭悬崖往上爬。分析句子可知,surround作定语,修饰cliffs,且cliffs与surround是主动关系,用现在分词作定语,故填surrounding。 5. Confucius is a great ____________ (philosophy) and educator in our country. 【答案】philosopher 【解析】考查名词。句意:孔子是我们国家一位伟大的哲学家和教育家。根据上文a great可知应填单数名词philosopher,表示“哲学家”作表语。故填philosopher。 6. A must is a visit to the ____________ (fascinate) Motor Museum 【答案】fascinating 【解析】考查形容词。句意:必去游览的地方是迷人的汽车博物馆。形容词修饰名词。故填fascinating。 7. When ____________ (chief) of other tribes (部落) heard about this, they were all moved 【答案】chiefs 【解析】考查名词。句意:其他部落的首领得知这件事后都非常感动。分析句子可知,when引导时间状语从句,空格处是主语,用名词形式,由主句中they可知,用复数,故填chiefs。 8. His letter poses a number of ____________ (puzzle) questions. 【答案】puzzling 【解析】考查形容词。句意:他的信提出了很多困惑的问题。形容词修饰名词。表示感到,指物用-ing,故填puzzling。 9. The immune system (免疫系统) is our main ____________ (defend) against disease. 【答案】defence 【解析】考查名词。句意:免疫系统是我们对抗疾病的主要防御系统。形容词后用名词。defend是动词,故填defence。 10. I have to find a convenient ____________ (locate) for the shelves. 【答案】location 【解析】考查名词。句意:我得找个方便的地方放书架。分析句子成分可知,此处作宾语,根据其前的不定冠词a可知,此处应用单数可数名词,故填location。 二、重点语法精练:被动语态 1. In reality, however, 60% of clothing nowadays ____________ (abandon) within a year of purchase. 【答案】is abandoned 【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意:事实上,如今6%的衣物在购买一年之后就被遗弃了,产生了大量的垃圾,对此全球的垃圾填满厂都在努力处理。分析句子可知,本句缺少谓语,abandon与主语clothing为动宾关系,