人教版高中英语考点09-定语从句与语法填空（解析版）.docx

考点09 定语从句（解析版）
【考点解读】
定语从句的用法较为复杂，高考除了单独考查定语从句知识外，还常常结合句式结构、时态等来综合考查。纵观近几年各地高考试题，不难发现其考点主要包括：
1. 考查关系代词和关系副词的区分。如: that, which和where, when的区分; that, which和why的区分等。
2. 考查whose的使用。whose可以指代人或物, 在定语从句中作定语, 后跟名词。指物时, whose＋名词＝名词＋ of which ＝ of which＋名词。如：
The classroom whose door/the door of which/of which the door is broken is on the second floor.
3. 考查as/which引导的非限制性定语从句。尤其要重视which，as引导的非限制性定语从句和it，what引导的主语从句的区分。
4. 考查定语从句中的主谓一致现象。如：
I, who am your close friend, will try my best to help you whenever you are in trouble.
5. 考查“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句。“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句，关系代词指人时用whom，指物时用which，不能用that。关系代词作定语时也可用whose。如：
The teacher in front of whose house stands a tall tree is very patient with his students.
6. 考查一些特殊的先行词。如: 当situation, point, case, activity, scene及period, festival, occasion等出现时，要注意具体情况具体分析; 作主语、宾语和表语时, 用关系代词that/which; 作状语时, 用关系副词where/when或“介词＋which”, 表示在某种特定的情形下。
7. 考查定语从句、强调句、时间状语从句等的区别。
【高考预测】
定语从句是历年高考的重点，主要考查常见关系代词和关系副词的用法，比如which/that/as/ when/where的用法及区别性的选择等，及与其他从句如名词性从句的区别等。在高考的中主要体现在语法填空、短文改错、完形填空等中，且完形填空80%每年会出一道题。
【重要考向】
一、关系代词引导的定语从句；
二、关系副词引导的定语从句；
三、“介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句；
四、as引导的定语从句；
关系词
先行词
从句成分
例句
备注
关
系
代
词
who
人
主语
Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?
whom,which和that在从句中作宾语时,常可以省略,但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略,也不可以用that
whom
人
宾语
Mr Smith is the person with whom I am working.
The boy (whom) she loved died in the war.
whose
人、物
定语
I like those books whose topics are about history.
The boy whose father works abroad is my deskmate.
that
人、物
主语、宾语
A plane is a machine that can fly.
She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much.
which
物
主语、宾语
The book (which) I gave you was worth $10.
The picture which was about the accident was terrible.
as
人、物
主语、宾语
He is such a person as is respected by all of us.
This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.
as作宾语一般不省略
关
系
副
词
when
时间
时间状语
I will never forget the day when we met there.
可用on which替换
where
地点