人教高中英语第一轮复习：定语从句.docx

定语从句
The Attributive Clause
(介词preposition、关系代词relative pronoun、关系副词relative adverb)
定语从句: 在复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的词叫作先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面，定语从句可以由关系代词that、which、who(宾格whom、所有格whose)和关系副词where、when、why引导；关系代词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，关系副词在定语从句中作状语，它们在复合句中起连接主从句的作用。
关系词的选用
1、当先行词是人时，用关系代词who、whom、that引导定语从句，如：
The foreigner who/that visited our school yesterday is from Canada.(作从句主语，不能省略)
The person (who/whom/that) you just talked to is Mr. Green. (作从句宾语，可以省略)
2、当先行词是物时，用关系代词which、that引导定语从句，如：
They planted the trees which/that didn’t need much water. (作从句主语，不能省略)
The fish (which/that) we bought were not fresh. (作从句宾语，可以省略)
3、当从句主语与先行词（可以是人也可以是物）存在从属关系时，用关系代词whose
I know the boy whose article is very good.
I live in a house whose windows face the south.
4、当先行词是时间时，用关系副词when( = at that time)来引导
I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.
5、当先行词是地点时，用关系副词where( = at that place)来引导
The factory where his father works is in the west of the city.
6、当先行词为reason时,用关系副词why来引导，如：
He couldn’t give the teacher a good reason why he was late for school.
7、先行词为地点、时间时，选用关系代词或关系副词，要看它在从句中作何种成分，如：
This is the house where I lived(vi.不及物动词) last year.(在从句中作状语)
This is the house which was built(vt.及物动词) last year. (在从句中作主语)

Now it is autumn when we held a sports meet.(作状语)
Now it is autumn which is the third season of the year. (which在定语从句中作主