人教高中英语二轮语法回顾与训练---名词性从句学案（含答案）.docx

高三二轮语法回顾与训练---名词性从句
在英语的句子结构中，本来该由名词来充当的主语、表语、宾语和同位语，由一个句子来充当，这个句子就叫名词性从句。
名词性从句分为四类：
1. 主语从句：在复合句中充当主语的句子就叫主语从句。注意：在含有主语从句的复合句里，主句谓语使用单三形式。
When she will be back depends on the weather.
It’s a pity that he made such a stupid mistake. （句首it为形式主语）
2. 表语从句：位于系动词之后充当表语的句子叫做表语从句。
What he wants to know is whether he should start now.
3. 宾语从句：在复合句中充当宾语的句子叫宾语从句。注意：宾语从句一般跟在及物动词或介词后。
Mary wrote an article on why the team had failed to win the game.
Can you tell me when he will come back? （常考点：tell后接双宾语。此句中me为间接宾语，宾语从句为直接宾语。）
The report didn’t make it clear how the conclusion was arrived at. （句中it为形式宾语）
4. 同位语从句：对前面的名词作进一步解释，说明其内容的句子叫做同位语从句。同位语从句常用于某些抽象名词（idea, fact, news, hope, belief, thought, message, truth, information等）后面。
The news that our team has won the match is true.
注意：that可以引导上述四种名词性从句。共同特点是不能省略that，但一种情况例外：当及物动词后只接一个宾语从句时可省略that或接多个宾语从句时第一个从句前that可省略。
I wrote a letter telling her (that) the students appreciated what she did and that（that不能省略）her contribution to our school made a difference in all of our lives.
考点归纳
一、名词性从句的引导词
1. that只起引导作用，本身无意义，且在从句中不充当任何成分。
I know you aren’t a doctor and that you want your son to become a doctor.
2. what, who, which和when, where, why, how, whoever, whichever, wherever等，在从句中充当成分，且有意义。
Who will come to help with my English hasn’t been settled.
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