01 必修第一册Unit 4知识讲解-2023年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(人教版).pptx

人教版2019必修第一册
Unit 4
单元重难知识点复****Ⅰ. 重点词汇
1. ruin n. [U] 毁坏; 毁灭; 崩溃; n. [C](pl. )废墟; 遗迹; v. (使)破产; (使)堕落; 毁灭
【教材原句】
In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins. (P50)
在不到一分钟的时间内, 一个大城市变成一片废墟。
【词块必记】
(1)lie/be in ruins　　　　　 成为废墟
bring. . . to ruin 使……毁灭; 使……没落
(2)ruin oneself 自取灭亡
ruin one’s health/fame/future 毁坏某人的健康/名誉/前途
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①The strong earthquake left the city in _____ (ruin)merely in several seconds.
②It rained for one week on end completely _______ (ruin)our holidays.
③Drunk driving not only ruined _______(he) but also killed several passers-by.
ruins
ruining
himself
2. affect vt. 影响; 感动; (疾病) 侵袭
【典型例句】
He spends too much time on maths, and this in turn affects the progress of his other subjects. 他花了很多时间在数学上, 这反过来影响其他学科的进程。
【词块必记】
(1)be greatly/deeply affected by　　被……深深打动
be affected with high fever 发高烧
(2)effect n. 作用; 影响
have an effect/influence on 对……产生影响
【知识拓展】
affect vt. 感动; 影响→affection n. 喜爱; 感情
→affectional 情感上的; 爱情的→affective 情感的; 表达感情的→affecting 动人的; 感人的
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①The traffic issue not only ______ (affect) our everyday life, but may also threaten
people’s lives.
②________ (affect) with high fever, he continued with his work.
完成句子
③Many young people ______________his story and began  
to do volunteer work for the disabled.
许多年轻人被他的故事所感染, 开始志愿帮助残疾人。
affects
Affected
were affected by
【佳句赏析】
(2018·江苏高考)Apparently, blindly following others’ advice will affect our own judgment.
显而易见, 盲目地接受他人的意见将影响我们的判断。
3. trap vt. 使陷入困境; n. 陷阱; 困境
【典型例句】
(2018·北京高考)A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who had been trapped in the mountains for two days.
一位援救队员冒着生命危险救了陷在山中两天的两位游客。
【词块必记】
(1)be trapped in. . . 　　　　　 被困在……中
trap sb. into (doing sth. ) 诱使某人(做某事)
(2)fall into a trap 落入圈套
set a trap for sb. 给某人设圈套
【知识微练】 单句语法填空
①________ (trap) in the ruins, the girl still held a positive attitude, waiting to be
rescued.
②Six men ________________(trap) in a mine for seventeen hours.  
句式升级