人教高中英语语法复习形容词和副词讲解与练习学案（含答案）.doc

形容词和副词
一、形容词和副词的基本用法
(一)形容词在句中的作用：1.形容词在句中可作定语、表语和补语
①形容词作定语时的位置问题：通常放置被修饰的名词前，但是下列情况需后置：
▲形容词短语作定语 This is a language difficult to master He is a student worth of praise.
▲表语形容词作定语 He is indeed a Lei Feng alive.
▲形容词修饰不定代词 Someone strange is asking to see you.
▲else修饰疑问代词和不定代词 No one else can answer the question. What else do you want to say?
②多个形容词作定语时的词序为：大小、长短、高低形状/年龄、新旧颜色/来源、国籍、地区、出处/材料/用途
(熟记下列顺口溜：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄和新老，颜色国籍跟材料，作用类别往后靠)。
It’s a _______ clock, made of brass and dating from the nineteenth century.
A. charming French small B. French small charming C. small French charming D charming small French
2.形容词在句中也可作状语，用来表示主语所处的状态
①形容词(短语)置于句首常作原因状语 Helpless, we watched our home destroyed before our eyes.
②形容词(短语)置于句末常作伴随状语或方式状语 He was lying in bed, dead.
3.alone/afraid/asleep/awake/alive/ashamed/ill/well(身体好)等常用作表语而不用作定语
He is a sick man或The man is ill.(对) She is an afraid girl.(错) The girl is afraid.(对)
4.two­year­old/200­metre­long/one­thousand­word等复合形容词中的名词要用单数，一般只用作前置定语
Tom is a twelve-year-old boy.汤姆是个十二岁的男孩。
动词、名词变形容词的常见后缀：
后缀
例词
-able
accept—acceptable suit--suitable comfort—comfortable
-ible
access—accessible horror—horrible terror--terrible
-ful
-less
forget—forgetful harm—harmful hopeless
hope—hopeful peace—peaceful help--helpless
-ed
excite—excited frighten--fri