人教版高中英语第一讲 谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致.docx

动词突破篇
动词(短语)表示主语的动作、存在、变化或态度。动词按照动词的意义可以分为实义动词、情态动词、系动词、助动词。
第一讲　谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致
动词时态历来是高考考查的重点。动词时态考查虽多，但考向非常集中， 最常考的是一般过去时和一般现在时，其次是现在完成时， 其他时态考查相对较少。因此备考重点是：
①动词时态的基本用法　　②动词语态的基本用法　　③主谓一致
考点1
动词的时态
动词时态的知识网络(以动词do为例)
现在时
过去时
将来时
过去将来时
一般时
do/does
did
shall/will do
should/would do
进行时
am/is/are doing
was/were doing
shall/will be doing
should/would be doing
完成时
have/has done
had done
shall/will have done
should/would have done
完成进
行时
have/has been doing
had been doing
shall/will have been doing
should/would have been doing
1.一般时态
(1)一般现在时
①表示经常或****惯性的动作，多用动作动词，且常与表频率的时间状语连用。
We have meals three times a day.我们一日吃三餐。
②表示客观真理、科学事实及自然现象。
The sun sets in the west.太阳从西方落下。
③在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。
I’ll write to her when I have time.
有时间我会写信给她。
(2)一般过去时
①表示过去发生的一次性或****惯性动作或状态。
We often played basketball together.
我们(过去)经常在一起打篮球。
②时间、条件、让步状语从句中，若主句用了过去将来时，从句常用一般过去时。
He said he would tell her the news as soon as he met her.
他说他一见到她就把这个消息告诉她。
　单句语法填空
①The 80，000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed (form) the core collection of the British Museum which/that opened in 1759.(2020·新高考卷Ⅰ语法填空)
②The unmanned Chang’e－4 probe (探测器)—the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess—touched (touch) down last week in the South Pole－Aitken basin.(2020·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)
③When/As he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed (point) down the river.(2020·全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)
④New methods meant__(mean)that fewer people worked in farming.(2020·浙江卷语法填空)
⑤While running regularly can’t make you live forever，the review says it is(be) more effective at lengthening life than walking，cycling or swimming.(2018·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)
⑥Sarah says，“My dad thinks I should take the offer now.But at the moment，school comes (come) first.I don’t want to get too absorbed in modeling.”(全国卷Ⅲ语法填空)
2．进行时态
(1)现在进行时(am/is/are＋现在分词)
①表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示现阶段正在进行的动作或存在的状态。