专题20 语法填空之无提示词(解析版) 在一篇约200词左右的短文中留出10个空白,部分空白后面给出单词的基本形式,要求考生根据上下文在空白处填写1个适当的单词或所给单词的正确形式。 语法填空则更侧重考查考生语法和词汇在语境中的运用,强调词汇的变形。同时强调语篇分析能力,凸显交际性和语境化特征。 无提示词的空处一般考查的是介、冠、连、代(代词也有可能给提示词)。 一、无提示词解题思维导图 “无提示词类”解题攻略 (一)高频考点之一:填介词 解题 攻略 当名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时,其前面一般是填介词。对介词的考查通常侧重于固定搭配中的介词及常见介词的****惯用法。 举例1 My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a scientist who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching ____ these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried. 分析:search for是固定搭配,表示“寻找”,此处指“我”在寻找“我”研究的三只西部低地大猩猩。故填for。 举例2 It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible crowds on the roads above as they travelled to and ____ work. 分析:travel to and from work表示“上下班”,故填from。 (二)高频考点之二:填冠词 解题 攻略 当空格后有名词而且两者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指含义,或者空格处修饰序数词、最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式时,那么空格处一般是填冠词。有时还考查冠词在一些固定搭配中的用法。 举例3 Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over ____ past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. 分析:句意:玉米产量在过去25年里增长了近125%,而大米只增长了7%。特指在过去的25年里。故填定冠词the。 举例4 Unexpectedly, I'm facetoface with the gorilla, who begins screaming at ____ top of her lungs. 分析:固定短语at the top of“在……的顶部”,此处表示以最大的肺活量喊叫。故填the。 (三)高频考点之三:填从属关联词 解题 攻略 当空格前后为两个句子,且其中一个句子在另一句中充当某一句子成分时,空格处应填从属关联词。一般情况下,考查的是定语从句的关联词,有时也考查名词性从句或状语从句的关联词。 举例5 Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 ____ showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes. 分析:分析句子结构可知,空处引导限制性定语从句,修饰先行词a study,并在定语从句中作主语,故填that/which。 举例6 Over time, ____ the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly. 分析:根据句意和句子结构可知,空格处引导时间状语从句,表示“随着”或“当……时候”,故填as/when。 (四)低频考点:填并列连词 解题攻略 当空格前后是同一层次并具有相同句法功能的词、短语或句子时,空格处一般是填并列连词。 举例7 Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice to impr