人教版重难点01 必考点一名词和主谓一致-2023年高考英语.docx

重难点01 名词和主谓一致
名词和主谓一致是历年高考的重要考点，常常出现在完形填空、语法填空和短文改错题型中。语法填空对名词的考查仍然会成为高考的重点，主要集中在给出词根进行此类转化，根据****惯用法或固定短语确定名词，名词的复数形式，所有格形式的变化。主谓一致一般会与名词、动词的时态和语态放在一起考查。
高考关于主谓一致的考查主要集中在一下三个方面：
①语法一致
②意义一致
③就近原则
对名词部分主要考查：
①名词的词义辨析和****惯搭配
②名词的数（可数与不可数、单数与复数）
③名词的所有格
④抽象名词的具体化
⑤名词和冠词的搭配
考生应重点记住常见的不可数名词,如 furniture,nature,space, wealth, information, news, knowledge. traffic 等，同时要记住只能修饰不可数名词的数量词(如agreat deal of, too much, a large amount of等):
对名词复数形式考生应先记住特殊的情况，如中学英语中以结尾变复数时加es的名词一般只有以下四个，如negro，hero.tomato,potato.考生只要只要记住这样个句子就可以了:the negro hero plants tomatoes and potatoes.(黑人英雄种西红柿和土豆);
名词的所有格测试热点是名词修饰名词,一般来说直接修饰就可以了，如teacup名词复数的测试热点是两个名词连用时是否同时变复数，一般来说只变中心名词就可以了，如 girl students， 但是 man. woman 是特例、前后都变复 men doctors. women teachers。
技巧1 根据修饰语判断名词单复数
1. A cashier who has a changing sea of __________ (customer) every day will only remember names for
a short amount of time.
【试题解析】因a sea of (许多；大量) 后的可数名词要用复数形式，所以customer要用复数。
【参考答案】customers
易错点
名词前有these、those、several、many、all、both、a pair of、a variety of、different、one of、among或数词等修饰时用名词复数形式。
热点练
1. The festival is viewed as the end to a series of New Year ______________(celebration) and is celebrated
with the release of floating and flying lanterns.
【解析】前有a series of(一系列)修饰，故用名词的复数形式。
【答案】celebrations
2. Alipay achieved this remarkable success by motivating its users to choose from various low-carbon _________ (option) in their daily lives…
【解析】前有various修饰，要用名词的复数形式。
【答案】options
技巧2 根据主谓一致判断名词单复数
3. However, safety __________ (problem) arise.
【解析】由谓语动词arise可知，主语是复数。
【答案】problems
热点练
1. Second, there exist idiomatic _________ (method) of saying something specific in Chinese but it is extremely hard for us to put it into English properly.
【解析】因there exist 是there be的变体，而exist是复数，根据主谓一致原则，可知method (方法) 也用复数。
【答案】methods
2. ________ (study) have shown that low levels of those chemicals might have the same effects as BPA.
【解析